The Psychological Factors Of The Bathroom Bill - 1279 Words

The Psychological Factors of the â€Å"Bathroom Bill† Next month will make a year that everyone has kept their eye out on North Carolina due to the House Bill 2, also known as the â€Å"bathroom bill,† they passed March 23rd of 2016. The particular bill requires transgender people to use the restroom of the gender assigned to them at birth. It also â€Å"banned any minimum-wage increases or anti-discrimination statutes local governments might pass† (McCLELLAND 40). Not only did this aggravate the LGBT community, it has agitated many of their supporters, specially celebrities. The bill has caused a media firestorm, so many people are protesting within and without North Carolina’s state lines. Regardless of where the commotion has started, everyone has†¦show more content†¦In a QA with Walter Bockting, PhD, â€Å"a member of the APA Task Force on Guidelines for Psychological Practice with Transgender and Gender Non-Conforming Clients.† he f urther explained the differences between transgender, gender identity, and sexual orientation (APA). According to Bockting, a transgender means having a gender identity that differs from the sex assigned at birth. Then continues by stating, gender identity is the basic conviction of being man, woman, or other. He lastly defines sexual orientation as to one’s sexual attraction, behavior, and emotional attachments to men, women, or both. All of these are his psychological definitions, which he mainly uses when discussing the challenges transgender people face. In attribute to social stress, transgender people are more vulnerable to symptoms of depression and anxiety (APA). They also struggle with self-esteem, they ask themselves questions on why they should be who they are if society is saying NO.Understanding and compassionate mental health providers have often been an important part of that. This bill has caused so many to speak out, transgenders and their supporters have pro tested, made speeches, tweeted, they have done anything to get the word out for what they believe in. A transgender man, Joaquin Carcano, has definitely had a lot to say, but he spoke out because he is tired. He is tired of the discrimination and fear. Time shared his inspiring words that have captured the very essenceShow MoreRelatedThe Shining Film Analysis1360 Words   |  6 Pages Thematic Analysis of The Shining â€Å"Here’s Johnny!† A famous line from The Shining, when Jack Torrance goes mad and is hacking at the bathroom door with an axe to mutilate his wife, Wendy and son, Danny into many little bloody pieces for disobeying him. The Shining is a 1980 psychological horror film directed by Stanley Kubrick. Jack Torrance played by Jack Nicholson, quits his job as a school teacher and takes a job as caretaker at the isolated Overlook Hotel in Colorado during the winter, hopingRead MoreGender Identity Essay1288 Words   |  6 Pagespeople to identify with or conform to. North Carolina’s anti-LGBT law House Bill 2, or better known as the HB2 Bill died almost as suddenly as it was born. Unfortunately it didn’t really die, it just changed shape. Over the course of a single day, the North Carolina state legislature passed a bill preventing legislators from passing LGBT-inclusive non-discrimination decrees and required transgender people to use the bathrooms corresponding to their birth certificates. After a full year of backlash fromRead MoreTransgendered in America Essay832 Words   |  4 Pagesfemale; transsexual women are people who have a female anatomy but classify themselves to be male. A To illustrate, a transvestite is a man who dresses like a woman and vice versa. Genetics, the prenatal environment, and life experiences are all major factors in transgender identities. In 1980, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) declared that transsexuals had gender identity disorder. Recently, they changed it to gend er dysphoria, which is the persistent feeling the individualRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie 12 Angry Man Essay1192 Words   |  5 Pagesabout a verdict in the room . Overall Juror Eight and Juror Nine illustrate key traits of good citizenship while enforcing the equality to pursue justice: uncertainty, curiosity, and reasoning. The Bill of Rights was first introduced to United States of America after the American Revolution. The Bill of Rights consists of ten amendments for equal and justice treatment. In reality not everyone was equal. Martin Luther King Jr, a civil rights activist, was once jailed in Birmingham for breaking discriminateRead MoreThe Consistency Of Meeting The Customer Needs Essay1445 Words   |  6 Pageshave a smooth transition out of the hotelier by making sure that their bill is correct. Lastly, the location can be measured by contacting the customer by asking if the location was suitable and made their stay better. Hepple et al. (1990) â€Å"identified four characteristics of hospitality in its modern sense. It is conferred by a host on a guest who is away from home and the host would provide for the guest’s security, psychological and physiological comfort. Moreover, hospitality involves interactionsRead MoreSmartphone Addiction1491 Words   |  6 Pagesphone becomes a par t of their daily lives and controls the whole life style either directly or indirectly. Hence, when the number of calls drops or if they lose their mobile phones, all the addiction-related symptoms become prevalent. According to  Factors Associated with Cell Phone Use in Adolescents in the Community of Madrid[2]  by Sanchez-Martinez, M  ; Otero, at the usage they are more likely to dependent on smartphone and thus, contact people using the social networking with the phone, which isRead MoreTaking a Look at Crohns Disease1552 Words   |  6 Pagesforms and fashion from physiological to psychological. Depression is a major factor that comes into play with this (IBD). Patients live on the edge from day to day when dealing with spontaneous episodes of diarrhea and chronic abdominal pains. Clients may show a lack of interest in the social aspect of life due to illness, and may demonstrate these traits to avoid embarrassment. Jobs and work life have to be comprised, for example pat ients need to have bathroom timeouts as well as always have emergencyRead MoreWomens Rights - A Chronicle of Reform1701 Words   |  7 Pagesposition on the issue is that this type of social control is potentially just as restrictive as the traditional roles of women. The Beauty Myth discusses how society’s viewpoint of beauty is detrimental to women because it causes many emotional and psychological problems to women who strive to become â€Å"perfect†. This book is important due to the fact it raises awareness to the issues that many young women are currently facing. The Female Eunuch (Germaine Greer, 1970) The Female Eunuch is analysisRead MoreEffect Of Smartphone Addiction On Adolescents1838 Words   |  8 Pagesfunctions on the go (Harun et al. 196). They are called smartphones for a reason. Two significant effects of smartphone addiction are how it affects adolescents’ sociability and productivity (Lin, Chiang, and Jiang 1210). Sociability has relation to psychological issues, and productivity has to do with education and academics. Smartphone usage will continue to grow. The ease of use, convenience, and comparatively little costs make it one of the fastest growing technologies (Riola 12). Smart phones haveRead MoreAnalysis of Internal Influences and Consumer Behaviour3821 Words   |  16 Pages â€Å"I can stay at JOZOLI’s for $3,000 per season, or I can stay at a more modest marina for $2,500 per season. At JOZOLI I will be associated with the best crowed and at marina X I will not, and will not have the other amenities such as luxurious bathrooms, cable TV and Wireless Internet†. And finally a potential customer could be faced with the avoidance-avoidance conflict, example: â€Å"the marina we are presently staying at is falling a part – the docks and electricity is dangerous; if no decision

Cultural Awareness Native American - 1349 Words

Cultural Awareness: Native American’s When Christopher Columbus landed in America he thought he landed in the East Indies, but it was the West Indies instead. There were millions of indigenous people when he reached the New World in 1942. He named the indigenous people Indian’s. According to Lehnardt (2015), there are 566 federally recognized Native American tribes. The largest tribal groups in the U.S are the Sioux, Navajo, Chippewa, Choctaw, Cherokee, and Iroquois. In today’s society, we see many Native American cultures being used in various ways. However, there are also many ways that the Native American culture can be used in a positive or a negative manner. Native American’s are clearly misunderstood, especially their culture and†¦show more content†¦Yet many know that it is a Native American symbol. Those of non-Native ancestry have Native American tattoos inscribed onto their bodies in efforts to fashion new identities for themselves, specifically intended to mark them as different from the mainstream Euro-American norms; while those of Native American ancestry in the majority of cases select Native imagery for tattoo work as a means of claiming or reclaiming a native heritage [Haga 2001; Bove 2002; Rangel 1993; Biederman 1992]. (Schwarz 251) Sounds like culture insensitivity to me. We should be careful with what we put on our bodies, and actually research the history of tattoos like this instead of being unaware of how condemning it may be to other individuals. If there is at least one person who has any knowledge of this kind of tattoo, then they should inform others such as friends, families, and co-worker. Otherwise, it may seem ignorant when someone applies the dream catcher tattoo on their body without any insight or information about it. My second artifact is a show called United Shades of America that organized a documentary on Native American issues in society. The host is W. Kamau Bell who is a comedian and political provocateur. He explores Native American’s adversity, and how they are treated in the general public. Apparently, many of the Native American’s do not like being called Native American, because they were here before it wasShow MoreRelatedHow Educational Learning Is Detrimental When Traveling997 Words   |  4 Pagescreate an awareness of the differences in these other cultures to avoid disrespect. The affects of traveling are stated in numerous texts throughout the course. All the readings seem to direct to the conclusion that traveling is most respectable through studying and gaining knowledge of the natives’ culture rather than volunteering through service which is belittling. Educational traveling allows for individuals to learn natives’ culture, behaviors, and daily ro utines allowing for the awareness of theRead MoreAnalysis Of Sherman Alexie s A Native American Activist 862 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"This is What it Means to Say Phoenix, Arizona† Many underprivileged groups such as, African Americans, Native Americans, Hispanics, just to name a few, often struggle to flourish within society due to lack of resources and lose their identity in assumption of their â€Å"inadequacy†. Sherman Alexie, a Native American activist, reveals the effects of poverty through the life of Victor, a young Native American living in a reservation, in his short story, â€Å"This is What it Means to Say Phoenix, Arizona†Read MoreCulturally Appropriate Counseling Practices And Advocacy766 Words   |  4 Pagesunderstands the client’s cultural characteristics, and is always in a continual process of self-reflection of their own socio-cultural beliefs and biases. This paper will discuss how generic counseling through the lens of culture, class and language and the how Native Americans/First Nations differ when using these same markers. This paper will also discuss the implications of Native Americans/First Nations cultural cha racteristics on counseling methods and advocacy. Cultural Aspects Embedded in GenericRead MoreHeritage Assessment Tool: Evaluation of Different Cultures and Individual Views of Health1326 Words   |  6 Pagesrestoration of individual cultural beliefs. This evaluation helps meet the needs of different patient populations to provide quality holistic care. The purpose of this paper is to explore the Hispanic, Native American, Chinese, and the author’s own personal cultural beliefs from perspectives of health traditions, maintenance, promotion and restoration of health. The objectives are to identify different families and the own common health traditions based of the cultural heritage. Evaluate and discussRead MoreJose Martinez s Phenomenology Of Chicana Experience And Identity884 Words   |  4 Pagesexploration of her Chicana lesbian identity rests primarily in the Chicana history and she disregards the Anglo’s history of lesbian identity. Because of this, it may be argued that Martinez has a stronger connection to her father’s cultural roots over her mother’s Native American, mostly white heritage in attempting to rediscover her Chicana racial and sexual identity. Martinez’s third identifying ethnic mode of consciousness, the knowing – unknown involves an explicit asking of questions of herself, herRead MoreCultural Appropriation : Disrespects Of A Minority Culture776 Words   |  4 PagesCultural Appropriation Cultural appropriation is shown in many ways among the public. When a member of the majority takes an element of a minority culture and attempts to make it their own, they are appropriating the minority’s culture. Appropriating a culture is disrespectful and can lead to loss of valuable meaning of cultural practices. This is shown in many ways, such as the use of blackface or wearing a significant piece of Native American history as a fashion accessory. Each of these elementsRead MoreThe Ways Of Native Americans By Phillip J. Deloria s Playing Indian1153 Words   |  5 Pages The ways of Native Americans have been both a cultural and societal sustainment within the United States today. However, not in the way traditional sustainment is seen as. In Phillip J. Deloria’s book, Playing Indian, he asks how across American history â€Å"has the notion of disguised Indians dumping tea in Boston harbor had such a powerful hold on Americans’ imaginations?† (9) What is it exactly that captivates the minds of Americans’ over the culture of our Native American predecessors? BeforeRead MoreSummary Of A Passage Of India By Quot. Forster1475 Words   |  6 Pagesthe people of India. Dr. Aziz, a native Indian and main character in the novel, is extremely frustrated of the way others think about these two cultures together. Some may say it s the position of superiority the British hold that the Indians perceive as degrading. Throughout the novel there is a clear tension between the natives and the colonists that relate to both fictional a nd historical events. There are several events that occur that demonstrate this cultural division. One event, for exampleRead MoreThe Los Angeles Riots Of 19921524 Words   |  7 Pagesimmigrants and natives, and majority and minority produced an atmosphere of fear, distrust, and hopelessness. Due to the struggle to gain power by racial and ethnic groups, the aftermath of the Los Angeles riots was clouded with racial and ethnical conflicts. However, the riots did increase racial awareness for Korean Americans between the different ethnicities. Dialogue was opened between people, whom prior to the riot, did not interact with each other. Even so, African American, Latino, WhiteRead MoreThe Impact Of Culture On Communication As A Significant Impact On Culture1163 Words   |  5 Pageshave based on cultural norms also affect the interpretation they have about messages delivered by others. Manners, gestures, whether or not to use eye contact, a particular distance between another and belief in which one va lues are all important to take care and consideration of when communicating with cultural diversity. Culture has an influence on perceptions, beliefs, and values. Awareness and perspective factors are essential to understanding and accepting cultural behaviors. Cultural diversity

Managing Economic Change and Mitigating

Question: Discuss about the Managing Economic Change and Mitigating. Answer: Introduction In recent years, Chinas oil demand is growing continuously. The increased oil demand is a symbol of economic growth of the country. But, it is also true that Chinas oil demand is growing slowly. Oil demand growth rate of China was 2.3% in December 2016 that is less than the growth rate of December 2015 (3.1%) and December 2014 (3.8%). Along with this, the economy of china grew only by 6.7% in 2016; that point towards the slowest pace of economic growth in the last 26 years. The economy has been shift from heavy industry to other service industry that condensed the Chinas oil demand in the previous years. In addition to this, this research paper would be beneficial to discuss the economic expansion of China and the impact of peak oil prices on the economic growth of China. It is well known that, China is the largest population country in the world. It is also the largest energy consumer and greenhouse gas emitter in all over the world. Moreover, for the fifteenth consecutive year, China has remained the worlds largest growth market for energy. The country uses crude oil to produce energy and fulfill nations energy need. China offers huge quantity of crude oil to fulfill the people transportation need in an effective manner. Along with this, as per the report of 2015, China has around 713 oilfields and 267 gas fields in the world. In the last 10 years, the overall oil production of China has been enhanced from 1.34 to 1.55 Bbbl (Wang, 2016). On the other hand, in the recent times, China is the 4th largest petroleum producer in the world after US, Saudi Arabia, and Russia. The below table indicates the oil consumption trends of China. For example, the table signifies that the nation consumed 6900 thousand barrels of crude oil daily at the end 2005. The oil consumption of the nation has reached at 11968 thousand barrels at the end 2015. Along with this, in the last decade, China crude oil production was enhanced and reached at 4309 thousand barrels daily at the end of 2015 from 3642 thousand barrels daily at the end of 2005 (Kim, 2016). The table also designates that the Chinas share is 12.90% in the global oil consumption. The major differences in the production (4309 thousand barrels daily) and consumption (11968 thousand barrels daily) indicates that China depends on imported oil to fulfill their national demand of oil consumptions (BP.com, 2016). China Oil Trend Thousand barrels daily 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Change 2015 over 2014 2015 share of total China Oil Production 3642 3711 3742 3814 3805 4077 4074 4155 4216 4246 4309 1.50% 4.90% China Oil Consumption 6900 7432 7808 7941 8279 9436 9791 10229 10732 11201 11968 6.30% 12.90% In addition to this, the above table indicates the past and current trends of the crude oil consumptions by China that points out that demand and import has been rapidly enhanced over the last decade. During the 2005 to 2014, rapid economic growth and industrialization trends of China have contributed in the increased demand of crude oil. During the last decade, Chinas oil consumption raised almost linearly at 4-6 percent. China has defeated the United States and become largest crude oil importer in the world in 2015. China is the worlds largest oil import countries as accounted growth of 6.3% or 770,000 b/d for the largest increment to demand in 2015. In 2015, China oil imports were exceeded 60% for the first time of total nations oil consumption. Chinas crude oil demand growth was 2.3% in December 2016 that will grow by 3.4% in 2017 to a record of round 12 million barrels per day (bpd) and China will top state-owned oil producer and the second-biggest oil user in the world (BP.com, 2016). On the other hand, the above graph indicates the past five years trends of Chinas oil imports and domestic production. The Peak Oil is the situation while the China total oil consumption reached to maximum and starts to decline. Oil production in China likely peaked at around 4.3 million barrels a day in 2016. The decline trends of Chinas economy in the last year (2016) indicate the peak oil situation of the nation as the imported crude oil demand or growth has declined over the same period. Chinas oil imports growth was down to 2.3% in December 2016 from growth of 3.1% in December 2015 (Coyne, 2016). The decline in Chinas domestic production and economic growth in the last year and current year may decrease oil imports growth of the country. China's Transition to Oil China has become highly dependent on oil imports as nearly 60% of total oil demand is imported. China domestic oil and gas production grew slower than the nations economic grew that point towards Chinas increasing dependency on imports of oil over the past decade. In the long term solution, high dependency on imported oil has created energy challenges in front of nations and it is not good for ecosystem, environment and economy of the nation. Consequently, the country transit oil to other nations. Along with this, China also has unlimited renewable energy sources and vast solar and wind power potential, so the Chinese government focused on the transitions of oil (Zhang and Xie, 2016). China is transiting oil regimes to renewable energy sources in order to reduce its dependency of imports on oil and also trim down carbon emissions in an effective manner. On the other hand, China transit to oil through use of the renewable sources to generate energy, decline oil consumptions and also reduce emitter of carbon dioxide within nation. The crude oil is majorly used in the production of energy that generates emitter of carbon dioxide and harms the climate, environment and people health, so that the Chinese government transition to oil from renewable sources to generate energy to prevent the environment and people (Peng, 2017). In addition, China is the biggest emitter of carbon dioxide with 28.21% in 2016 that creates climate issues to the nations, so the Chinese government has announced that it will launch Emission Trading Scheme (ETS) from 2017. The cap-and-trade scheme will be combined with Chinas ETS to reduce CO2 emissions on power sector through enhance utilization of renewable energy (SBS News, 2016). In addition to this, in September 2013, Chinas State Council introduced the Chinas Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution issues to enhance the renewable sources energy share of Chinas energy mix. The Chinese government has to make very cautious decisions for the development and growth of renewable energy sources. These actions may also be beneficial for the ecosystem, environment and national economy. In 2016, China recorded around 21% growths in renewable in power generation that is the second largest increments in world after Germany growth of 23.5%. Solar power generation grew around 69% in China that accounts for the largest increase in the world. Moreover, China become the worlds top generator of solar energy through overtook Germany and the US (Wang, Xiang, Ruan and Hu, 2017). Moreover, due to enhance in renewable power generation, Chinese emissions declined in 2016 for the first time since 1998. Renewable Energy Consumption by China Million tonnes oil equivalent 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Change 2015 over 2014 2015 share of total China 1.7 2.5 3.5 6.4 11 15.9 23.7 30.8 44.1 51.9 62.7 20.90% 17.20% The above table indicates the energy generation from renewable sources including wind, solar, water, geothermal, biomass and waste by China over the past decade. The above table also point towards the 35 times growth in Chine renewable energy generation over the past decade as it has been reached at 62.7 in 2015 from 1.7 in 2005. Moreover, the table indicates more than 20% growth of renewable energy generation by China in 2015 over 2014 and the country market share of total 17.2% in world in 2015 (BP.com, 2016). It shows that the Chinese government focused on renewable energy sources to transition to oil and reduce consumption or demand of oil in the nation. Oil Companies in China China's biggest four crude oil companies according to volumes, ranks and gross revenues are China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC), China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC), Sinopec Limited, and Yanchang Petroleum. The below graph is helpful to designate the market share of all 4 major Chinese oil companies in terms of production of oil. All four Chinese oil companies have produced around 1.53 Bbbl oil in 2015 (Wang, 2016). Along with this, the above graph indicates that the CNPC covers higher market share of 52% (more than half) in terms of oil productions. CNOOC has second position with 22%, Sinopec Ltd has third rank with 20% and Yanchang Petroleum has fourth position with 6% in the Chinese oil market. CNOOC has defeated Sinopec in 2015 and become the second largest oil producer in the nation. In the downstream sector of China, Sinopec Ltd has the largest share in the country as it processed around 49.3% (1.7 billion barrels) of total amount crude oil processed in 2015 (Kong, et al., 2016). On the other hand, the below graph indicates that that overall expenditure of CNPC, CNOOC, and Sinopec has enhanced from 277 to 634 billion CNY from 2006 to 2012. China had released around 1735 mineral right projects regarding covering 4.07 million km2 till 2014 (Alon, Leung and Simpson, 2015). In these, CNPC has 776 projects that cover around 1.54 million square kilometers, Sinopec owns 484 projects of 0.98 million km2, and CNOOC has 333 projects that covers 1.43 million km2 and the rest of 142 projects owned by other players in the industry. It indicates around 97% of mineral rights in area belong to three major players these are CNPC, CNOOC, and Sinopec. These three major players had covered the whole oil business chain in China from upstream to downstream business sectors (Van Den Beukel, 2016). Chinese oil companies are also actively participating in bidding projects overseas, and seeking for international collaborations, and merger acquisition of other nations smaller oil and gas companies. Peak Oil and Climate Change Impacts on China's Economic Growth In the past year (2016), Chinas was the largest importer of oil in the world and its economy is still growing by 6-7% that is lowest growth over the last decade. As oil prices faltered, China has stopped the production from the highest cost oil fields because of they do not want longer compete with imported oil. Along with this, China will be forced to boost oil imports in nation as domestic production declines, but the demand of oil enhances that will fulfill from overseas. The data so far present a clear picture that oil industry of china has been declined. China domestic crude oil output declined approx 5% in compared with a year earlier. In July 2016, Chinas crude output dropped by 8% to 16.72 million metric tons and 3.95 million barrels a day that is the lowest daily average over the last 5 years (Green and Stern, 2016). The decline of new discoveries and has also declined the domestic oil production. If oil price unexpectedly jumped, then the China would quickly ramp up its out put. For the last quarter, oil prices have hovered around $53 a barrel in the international market, so that the major oil producers of the world including Chinese oil companies will actually lead to a 1.8 million b/d production cut during 2017. The major oil companies taken this action for balanced off by a stronger dollar. Increased production from Libya, Nigeria, Iran and US oil companies has declined oil prices in the international market (Whipple, 2017). China has faced this oil peak situation through cut its domestic production, but its decline economy growth is showing few signs of rebounding and for a long period it could be slower than usual growth (Li, 2014). The recent climate issues and smog that closed down much of Northeastern Chinas industrial production has also declined the economic growth of nation. In addition to this, in January 2017, 20 major cities of China like Beijing were taken over with some of the worst smog record and extremely hazardous air conditions. In some Chinese cities, 2.5-micron particles hit 1000 per cubic meter that yet deadly as 20 times greater than the safe level for humans to breath. All schools and thousands of factories has to be closed in the major Chinese cities as around 1200 factories were closed in the Beijing area alone (Whipple, 2017). This climate issues obviously did not help Chinas economic growth this quarter. Many Asian countries that supply Beijing or other Chinese cities with its raw materials and partially finished products were affected by the closed of thousands of factories in these cities that indicate Chinese economy will be slow in the year 2017. Moreover, Chinas foreign trading partners also focused on the future of their markets due to high probability of the Chinas environmental situation could continue to get worse. The large p opulation, huge numbers of vehicles, and huge industrialization generate harmful gasses and carbon emissions that could continue to get worse environment situation of China (Dong, Pi, Ma and Dong, 2017). China is major producer of carbon dioxide emissions in world with the share of 28.21% of worldwide CO2 emissions in 2016. The global or international pressure on China to clean up its air and reduce carbon dioxide emissions, so that Chinas parliament approved a new law and launch an Emission Trading Scheme (ETS) law that will go into effect in 2018. The Chinese government is imposing taxes on polluters for the first time that created issues for China to maintain its economic viability. The Chinese government is focusing on the reduction of the use of fossil fuels through use of renewable sources to generate energy in order to maintain its economic viability (Gilmer, 2016). China is also trying to get many foreign sources of oil in its hands, so it may invest in the oil fields of other countries to enhance oil production. The China has deals with foreign sources of crude oil from Brazil, Kurdistan, and Curacao and reduced its oil production by about 300,000 b/d in the last year and al so has enhanced its oil imports. Moreover, China is making alliance with the OPEC/Russia to manage its production and response to the slowdown of economy growth in an effective manner (Pennock, Poland and Hancock, 2016). On the other hand, in 2016, Russia overtook the Saudi Arabia as the biggest source of imported oil. As oil prices in international market are now back in the mid-$50s, so that the Chinese are less interested to utilize their reserves as much as they have utilized in the past three years. China is looking for enhancing dependence on foreign oil that has made it more aggressive to focus on foreign sources. For example, the Export-Import Bank of China has approved loan of Angola approx $600 million in this year January month for the construction and utilization of a deep-sea terminal (Whipple, 2017). China spent around $225 billion on acquiring overseas properties of increasing oil production. The major three Chinese oil companies (i.e. CNPC, CNOOC, and Sinopec) also take the low-risk path as focused on aging oil fields rather than looking to new ones fields of enhancing production. Conclusion On the premise of above discussion, it can be concluded that the domestic production of China has increased in the last decade that has enhanced national oil imports. The high industrialized growth required the crude oil for production that is main reason of the Chinas share of 12.90% in the global oil consumption in 2016. China is highly depended on oil imports for economic growth of the nation. In the last year, China was the worlds biggest oil importer. The climate or environment issues faced by China and the peak oil in this January have encouraged the Chinese government to change their policies for the economy expansion of the nation. The use of renewable energy source and alliance with the other nations has used by China to increase oil production for the economy growth of the nation. References Alon, I., Leung, G. C. K. and Simpson, T. J. (2015). Outward foreign direct investment by Chinese national oil companies. Journal of East-West Business, 21(4), pp. 292-312. BP.com. (2016). The BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2016. [Online]. Available At: https://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/pdf/energy-economics/statistical-review-2016/bp-statistical-review-of-world-energy-2016-full-report.pdf [Accessed On: 17th March 2017]. Coyne, D. (2016). Has China reached Peak Oil? [Online]. Available At: https://peakoilbarrel.com/has-china-reached-peak-oil/ [Accessed On: 17th March 2017]. Dong, X., Pi, G., Ma, Z. and Dong, C. (2017). The reform of the natural gas industry in the PR of China. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 73, pp. 582-593. Gilmer, A. (2016). How Chinas Transition Will Increase Oil Demand. [Online]. Available At: https://oilprice.com/Latest-Energy-News/World-News/How-Chinas-Transition-Will-Increase-Oil-Demand.html [Accessed On: 17th March 2017]. Green, F. and Stern, N. (2016). Managing Economic Change and Mitigating Climate Change: Chinas strategies, policies and trends. China's New Sources of Economic Growth: Vol. 1: Reform, Resources and Climate Change, 419. Kim, I. (2016). Refining the prize: Chinese oil refineries and its energy security. The Pacific Review, 29(3), pp. 361-386. Kong, Z. Y., Dong, X. C., Shao, Q., Wan, X., Tang, D. L. and Liu, G. X. (2016). The potential of domestic production and imports of oil and gas in China: an energy return on investment perspective. Petroleum Science, 13(4), pp. 788-804. Li, M. (2014). Peak Oil, Climate Change, and the Limits to Chinas Economic Growth. USA: Routledge. Peng, S. (2017). Chinas Long Road to the High-Efficiency, Clean and Low-Carbon Energy Transition. In Energy Engineering (pp. 51-57). Springer Singapore. Pennock, M., Poland, B. and Hancock, T. (2016). Resource Depletion, Peak Oil, and Public Health: Planning for a Slow Growth Future. Geographies of Health and Development, 177. SBS News. (2016). Which countries have introduced a carbon tax or emissions trading scheme? Check our quick guide. [Online]. Available At: https://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/2016/12/08/factbox-carbon-taxes-and-emission-trading-schemes-around-world [Accessed On: 17th March 2017]. Van Den Beukel, J. (2016). Chinese national oil companies: giants built on shaky foundations. [Online]. Available At: https://energypost.eu/chinese-national-oil-companies-giants-built-shaky-foundations/ [Accessed On: 17th March 2017]. Wang, L. (2016). Chinas crude oil and natural gas industry. [Online]. Available At: https://www.theoilandgasconference.com/downloads_TOGC_2016/China-Oil-and-Gas-Lei-Wang-PhD.pdf [Accessed On: 17th March 2017]. Wang, Y., Xiang, E., Ruan, W. and Hu, W. (2017). International oil price uncertainty and corporate investment: Evidence from China's emerging and transition economy. Energy Economics, 61, pp. 330-339. Whipple, T. (2017). Peak Oil Review 26 Dec 2016. [Online]. Available At: https://peak-oil.org/peak-oil-review-26-dec-2016/ [Accessed On: 17th March 2017]. Whipple, T. (2017). Peak Oil Review Jan 3 2016. [Online]. Available At: https://www.resilience.org/stories/2017-01-03/peak-oil-review-jan-3-2016/ [Accessed On: 17th March 2017]. Whipple, T. (2017). Peak Oil Review Jan 30 2017. [Online]. Available At: https://www.resilience.org/stories/2017-01-30/peak-oil-review-jan-30-2017/ [Accessed On: 17th March 2017]. Zhang, J. and Xie, M. (2016). China's oil product pricing mechanism: What role does it play in China's macroeconomy?. China Economic Review, 38, pp. 209-221. Zhong, J. (2016) Red Gold: The Legal Framework Governing Foreign Investments in China's Oil Industry. Hous. J. Int'l L., 38, p. 653.

Economic and Labour Relations Method †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Economic and Labour Relations Method. Answer: Introduction: According to the partnership act 1891 (SA), a partnership may be formed expressly or impliedly. What was the intention of the parties? Did they share profits and losses? Have both parties had a voice in management? Is there continuity in trading activities? In the case study Peking Duck Restaurant, the owner Alan and lender Bing, have failed to communicate effectively and correctly to clearly outline the terms, nature and authority of their deal. Although a deal has been struck, the contract is extremely vague, creating issues regarding ownership. The contract states that the lender, Bing, will receive a 40% share of profits and losses. This means there was a relationship formed with a view for profit. This, as well as, already having a private friendship shows a level of fiduciary. The contract also states that the lender has the right to any major decisions regarding the business. When Alan and Bing both agree that the way to improve trade is to refurnish the restaurant, they are effectively showing they are making joint decisions, to enhance profits and increase sales. According to the partnership act 1891, this means Bing has a voice in management, a key indicator to a partnership. When Alan and Bing decide to purchase furniture with the money Bing has provided, they now have common ownership of property according to the partnership act 1891. A partnership indicator is a continuity and repetition of trade. With Bing spending considerable time at the restaurant, suppliers have come to know him as a partner. This means according to the partnership act they have been dealing with him continuously and repetitively. The sharing of profits and losses, having a voice in management repetition of trading activities, common ownership and having a common view to profit are all direct legal indicators that Alan and Bing are in a legally binding partnership. The conduct carried out between these parties, in both case studies, clearly show a partnership has been formed. With Bing spending considerable time at the restaurant and their agreement on refurnishing the restaurant, their conduct towards each other is civil and professional. A partnership indicator. Their failures here are not drawing up a clear contract, stating terms, authority, duties and obligations and dispute resolutions. Agreeing to partnership means that each partner can be actively acting on behalf of the other partner as well as their own. Bing purchasing the leather chairs is a case of working on behalf of Alan while he is away on holiday. Alan has shown a level of fiduciary towards Bing when he agreed to go into partnership together. As the chairs are produced for the beneficiary of the restaurant that they co-own, using business funds is appropriate and acceptable. While Alan is away, Bing can act as an agent on Alans behalf and has implied authority. This means Bing can buy and sell on behalf of the partnership. This allows Bing to purchase the chairs without having to consult Alan beforehand. A partnership allows all partners to have apparent authority to act on behalf of the others. This means that partners will be liable for the actions of another partner relating to the partnership business- including debts occurred. Bing has used his apparent authority to purchase the chairs as he has purchased them for restaurant. He has not personally profited from his position, nor is it a conflict of interest. Bing does have an obligation to notify Alan of any activities that affect the business which he has failed to do so until Alan returned from holiday. While there has been a communication break down while Alan has been on holiday, Bings use of implied authority and apparent authority allows him to act as an agent on Alans behalf and therefore Peking Duck Restaurant is liable for the expense of the chairs. What is the legal determination of what constitutes an employee? An employee is defined as a person who is hired by an employer to perform a service. Although Sarah is a uni student and only works when she is available (casual) and she is hired to complete a service for Peking Duck Restaurant. Sarah has been receiving a wage of 150$ a day. If this is paid directly to Sarah without her having to invoice Peking Duck Restaurant seeking debts owed for services, then this is a clear legal indication that she is an employee, not a contractor. When an employee, or a contractor, is conducting services in a workplace, it is the workplaces responsibility to provide a safe place of work. This would involve placing controls into the work area to protect employees from harm and risk. Controls such as documentation, stating safe work practices, hazard analysis and permits should be in place to assist employees in understanding what safety measures and work practises are required. The injury Sarah received during work hours and while being an employee, entitles her to workers compensation. Workers compensation legislation states that compensation and rehabilitation will be provided to an employee who has suffered a work-related injury. Sarahs broken arm was suffered at work, whilst working and in work hours. As an employee, who receives wages from Peking Duck Restaurant, she should receive compensation and rehabilitation. Peking Duck Restaurant must have workers compensation insurance that covers their employees, according to the workers compensation and rehabilitation act 1986. The restaurant was negligent in providing a safe work place by not cleaning up the spill or putting up signage regarding the wet floor to notify people of the hazard. Therefore, the restaurant will be required to pay for Sarahs loss of wages and medical bills until she is fit to return to work. Tully is a Peking Duck Restaurant employee on a regular employment contract. As an employee of the restaurant, Tully has a legal obligation to faithfully and obediently carry out tasks assigned to them. She must not disclose the employers trade secrets and other information. Tully sharing the restaurants special recipes is a clear breach of her contract and against the law. She must not help her employers competitors nor take advantage of information for personal benefit. Considering there is evidence to show there has been a decline in customers since this has happened, then Peking Duck Restaurant have every right to terminate her contract. This is on the grounds of a breach of confidence. They may terminate her contract, without notice, due to this breach of contract. Peking Ducks special recipe is a trade secret and requires the strictest confidence to be kept. The restaurants evidence of disloyalty, must be clear and concise about the specific special recipe and not general and v ague. There must be evidence that the special recipe is now being used by its competitors for their advantage and clear evidence that that recipe was provided by Tully from Peking Duck. If this is in direct correlation with a change in customer number then Peking Duck Restaurant can terminate Tullys employment immediately and sue her for loss of income and damages. Tully will then be required to pay these damages to Peking Duck to the amount of the losses acquired during that period. She may also receive a fine. References https://epublications.bond.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1332context=blr A Submission To The Australian Parliament Trojan Horse Clauses: Investor-State Dispute Settlement Dr Matthew Rimmer Australian Research Council Future Fellow Associate Professor The Australian National University College Of Law The Australian National University College of Law, Canberra, ACT, 0200 https://www.worksafe.qld.gov.au/forms-and-resources/case-studies Kiel, G, Kolsen, HT Smith, C . (2000). Investigating the Economic Cost of Injury in the Workplace: A Case Study Approach. The Economic and Labour Relations Review, 11 (1), 108-135.